Nervous System: Brain: part of the nervous system enclosed by the skull, controls and coordinates the mental and physical actions Spinal Cord: the cord of nerve tissue extending through the spinal canal of the column Nerves: one or more bundles of fibers forming part of the systems that sends impulses of sensation, motion, etc. between the brain or spinal cord and other parts of the body Purpose of the Nervous System: to send signals to the brain and tell the body what to do...controls everything that happens in our body (remember some are voluntary while others are involuntary) Skeletal System: Skeleton: made up of 206 bones that each have their own function Bones: support our body and allow us to move, contain calcium, make blood cells, store important material Purpose of the Skeletal System: gives the body its shape, protects the organs, works with the muscles to move the body Muscular System: Muscles: three types-skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles Purpose of the Muscular System: works with the skeletal system to move the body, helps with bending and reflexes Cardiovascular/Circulatory System: Heart: muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body Blood: a liquid that contains red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets Blood Vessels: tube-like parts of the system that carry the blood (oxygenated blood), throughout the body Purpose of the Circulatory System: to pump blood throughout the body, to "circulate" blood to all parts of the body with oxygenated blood and nutrients Respiratory System: Lungs: the organs in which the blood absorbs the oxygen from the air Trachea: the windpipe- the tube that carries air from the nose and mouth to the lungs Nose/Mouth: the facial organs that air passes through to get into the body Purpose of the Respiratory System: inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide, bringing oxygen to our body cells while provides us nutrients and energy, also the system that helps us talk Digestive System: Digestion: the mechanical (chewing) and chemical breaking down of food so it can be absorbed in the body Mouth: the opening at which digestion begins Esophagus: food travels from the mouth through this tube that leads from the mouth to the stomach Stomach: food comes from the esophagus to this J-shaped organ that does the following; stores food, breaks it into a liquid, passes it on the small intestines (uses digestive juices to break down food) Small Intestines: breaks down food even further, continues to absorb food into the body/blood stream specifically vitamins, minerals, proteins, fats, and carbohydrates Large Intestines: continues breaking down food and absorbing it, removes the final nutrients and whatever is left becomes waste Purpose of the Digestive System: to break down the foods you eat and provide energy for your body (nutrients are absorbed into the blood which is passed through the circulatory system)
Remember to know how all the body systems connect with one another!!! (Use your Body Systems Connection Chart.)